The official visit to Japan clearly demonstrated President Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s political character, governance style, and strategic vision. This trip was not only about diplomacy—it showed how and where he intends to lead New Uzbekistan, with clarity and determination.
The article examines the rapid expansion of carbon capture technologies as a core response to industrial emissions. It analyses leading global companies, their diverse technological approaches, and their role in enabling net-zero and circular carbon economy goals.
This article examines how constructed identity narratives of “Arab” and “African” in Sudan—rooted in culture, language, and politics rather than race—have been transformed into instruments of power, exclusion, and mass violence. Tracing the historical coexistence of Sudanese communities and the later politicization of identity by the modern state, the study shows how marginalization in regions such as Darfur was reframed through ethnic labels. The militarization of these narratives, particularly through the Janjaweed and their successor, the Rapid Support Forces, turned identity into a mechanism of war. External interventions further hardened these divisions, producing one of the world’s largest humanitarian crises. The Sudanese case demonstrates that identity, while socially constructed, can become lethally real when mobilized for political and geopolitical ends.
This study examines the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the energy sector, focusing on key application areas ranging from cybersecurity and supply chain management to emissions monitoring, energy production, trading, and predictive maintenance. AI-driven solutions enhance operational efficiency, strengthen system security, and support sustainability objectives. The findings indicate that AI has evolved into a strategic governance and decision-making instrument within contemporary energy systems.
The European Union is approaching a critical decision on how to finance Ukraine’s estimated €137 billion funding needs for the 2026–2027 period. EU leaders meeting in Brussels remain divided between using frozen Russian state assets and relying on new EU-level borrowing. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen has framed this decision as a turning point for Europe’s strategic autonomy and security. The outcome of the summit will reveal whether the EU can convert its geopolitical ambitions into sustainable financial and political action.
Energy security has emerged as a multidimensional policy domain that is directly linked to economic development, social welfare, and national security within the contemporary international system. Ensuring the availability of energy resources in the desired quantity, at reasonable costs, at the right time and in the right place requires a holistic approach that goes beyond technical and economic considerations to include geopolitical, security, and governance dimensions. This study aims to establish the theoretical foundations for a qualified threat analysis of energy security by systematically examining seven core parameters that constitute energy security. The framework developed through the parameters of geopolitics, national security, physical security, cybersecurity, logistics, markets, and sustainability reveals the dynamic and multi-layered nature of energy security.
Avşarspor is more than a football club; it represents the Avşar Turkic spirit rooted in history and culture. Drawing strength from its ancestral heritage, the club sees every match as a continuation of a legacy. Beyond sporting success, Avşarspor aims to preserve Turkic identity, strengthen bonds across the Turkic world, and keep shared cultural memory alive.
the privatization of 18 state-owned enterprises through the issuance of additional common shares and their public offering or expanded listing on the stock exchange.
Pakistan and the European Investment Bank signed a declaration to advance a €60 million Karachi sewage and water infrastructure project, strengthening water security and climate-resilient urban services as part of deeper Pakistan–EU cooperation.
BONU AGI is Uzbekistan’s first national artificial intelligence project, designed to integrate cultural, social, and historical context into AI decision-making. Unlike generic global models, it reflects local ways of thinking and communication, offering a context-aware alternative to foreign platforms. Founded by Baxtiyor Bobohonov, Sardorbek Tursunbekov, and Otabek Sidikov, the project represents a strategic move toward technological sovereignty and indigenous AI development, highlighting the importance of national identity and data independence in the digital age.
Japan’s Lost Decade, which began with the collapse of the asset bubble in the early 1990s, produced long-lasting economic, social, and political consequences that continue to shape the country today. Japan avoided systemic collapse and stabilized its financial sector, yet economic growth remained persistently low, accompanied by deflation, stagnant wages, and weakened investment.
Trauma affects individuals who experience it directly and may also influence subsequent generations. In Türkiye, traumatic experiences such as earthquakes, forced migration, terrorism, and domestic violence are widespread. This article examines the intergenerational transmission of trauma through psychological processes and epigenetic approaches. The aim is to explain, in clear and accessible language and with examples from Türkiye, how trauma can be transmitted to children through family relationships, parenting styles, and biological vulnerabilities.
Private Military Companies (PMCs) have become influential actors in contemporary conflicts, providing security, training, logistics, and in some cases combat support to states, corporations, and international organizations. Operating as profit-driven corporate entities, they blur the line between public and private use of force. While PMCs offer flexibility and specialized expertise, their expansion raises serious ethical, legal, and accountability concerns.
Artificial intelligence is not a neutral tool but a new global power shaping knowledge and politics. Western-centered algorithms monopolize narratives and values, eroding cognitive sovereignty and deepening digital colonialism.
On 15 December 2025, the international community marks a historic milestone with the first official celebration of the World Day of the Turkic Language Family
In the digital age, social media has significantly transformed the ways individuals perceive and present themselves. This article examines the impact of social media on the self within the frameworks of symbolic interactionism and individualistic psychology. The aim of the study is to explain, in simple terms, how the self is reshaped in digital environments through social interactions and individual psychological processes.
The Al Sharq Youth Conference, held on December 12-13 in Istanbul, focused on youth's active role in shaping the Muslim world’s future under the theme "Tashkĩl Al Sharq: From Vision to Action." Speakers from diverse backgrounds, including Hakan Fidan, Omar Suleiman, and Wadah Khanfar, united around the common cause of the Palestinian issue.
The Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Belgium, in cooperation with Kazakhfilm Studio and the French Association of Kazakh Cinema, organized the Kazakh Cinema Days in Brussels
EUREFLECT had the privilege to attend yesterday’s reception hosted by the Kazakh Embassy to Belgium, on 12 December at Steigenberger Wiltcher’s Hotel in Brussels. This event marked Kazakhstan’s Republic Day and the 10th anniversary of the Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement between Kazakhstan and the European Union. Over the past decade, this agreement has acted as a key catalyst transforming transactional business agreements into a long lasting friendship between both sides.
The European capital hosted a formal reception marking the 10th anniversary of the signing of the Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (EPCA) between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the European Union
Pakistan–Uzbekistan relations have evolved from cautious diplomacy into a strategic, economy-driven partnership centered on trade, transit, and regional connectivity. Pakistan positions itself as a gateway linking landlocked Central Asia to global markets via its ports, while Uzbekistan seeks diversified access routes and energy cooperation. Despite security and infrastructure challenges—particularly in Afghanistan—the partnership has the potential to reshape regional integration across South and Central Asia.
